Thursday, November 7, 2013

Puppet Placement
 
 

            Puppets know their place. In America, it is performing before an audience of youngsters. If you were to look for a puppet show, you would find a listing in the entertainment section of the newspaper under “Fun for the Kids”. Toy departments generally stock puppets. The local library often sponsors puppet performances. If you were to attend, you would find the show either in the children’s department or in the basement. A top ten list of traditional entertainment for a kiddie’s birthday party would reveal a puppet show trailing just behind a clown, a caricature artist and a pony ride. Even the New York Times has their finger on the pulse of people’s puppet perceptions: “Puppets are generally thought of as smallish figures designed for children's entertainment” (Kampel). It is hardly anyone’s fault for thinking this way. Television, and to a lesser extent film, keep puppetry confined to public supported stations and the Disney Channel.
 
 
 

            From Barney and Friends to The Wubbulous World of Dr. Seuss, American audiences are fed this one flavor of puppetry. It’s no wonder that puppeteers are perceived as working “in a field where many audiences are four-year-olds at birthday parties” (Blumenthal). In social settings, I will sometimes reveal during conversation that I am a puppeteer. Most people think it’s “cute”. Leslee Asch, executive director of the International Festival of Puppet Theater, shared, “’If you said you were a puppeteer, people would do this.' She formed her hand into a jabbering creature and made a high-pitched squeal” (Biederman). This goes to show how not only puppets but the production and performer are all seen as puerile.

 
            Yet, for every ten or twenty Pajanimals televised, there is at least one helping of puppetry art. In my day it was The Spirit of Christmas performed by the Mabel Beaton Marionettes. Bell Telephone hosted the presentation of this 1950 gem every year around Christmas. This had a great influence on me as did the children’s show, The Friendly Giant. Most puppeteers got their calling after watching a children’s puppet show. One of America’s greatest puppeteers, Bob Baker saw his first puppet show at the age of seven. As he tells it, “By the time I was eight, I had acquired enough puppets and a puppet stage to do a variety show (Remier). Fifty years later, he is still performing. As he and the majority of puppeteers in America work for young audiences, they will in turn inspire the next generation to pick up the strings and take the art a few steps further.
 

 
 
Works Cited

 
 

Biederman, Marcia. "Make Way For Grown-Ups." New York Times 24 Jan. 1999. Academic          
           OneFile. Web. 7 Nov. 2013.http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%
           7CA150050785&v=2.1&u=colu91149&it=r&p=AONE&sw=w&asid=d19150
            ccfb898fdde46b339bdd438b09
 
Blumenthal, Eileen. "String theory: a puppetry summit down under displays the potential and the             pitfalls of the form." American Theatre Sept. 2008: 50+. Academic OneFile. Web. 7 Nov.      
            v=2.1&u=colu91149&it=r&p=AONE&sw=w&asid=d012d772d061219658ec04ffd4cf72b8

Kampel, Stewart. "The Magic Behind Puppets." New York Times 15 Dec. 1996. Academic              
            OneFile. Web. 7 Nov. 2013.
           
http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE7CA150419601&v=2.1&u=colu91149&it=r&p=
             AONE&sw=w&asid=24473e0f2a34bac7dda67426f33f2efe

Remier, A.C. "Bob Baker: The Man Behind the Puppets." KCET . KCETLink, 17 July 2012.        
           the-man-behind-the-puppets.html
 
As a treat for having read this far . . .
Today's Puppet Song
My first marionette, 1967
 

Sunday, November 3, 2013

A Puppets World View:
Beyond the American Playboard
 
Inside the Salzburg marionette theater.
            Puppet shows rarely come to the American mind when thinking of high drama. However, the term “high drama” was coined with puppets in mind. In Burma (present day Myanmar), it was unlawful for anyone to physically be above the head of the king. Fortunately, puppetry was held in such high esteem that a royal proclamation was declared near the end of the eighteenth century. Puppet plays were given permission to be performed on a raised stage an called “high drama” while performances by humans such as dance, music and theater would be called “low drama” and performed on the ground (Foley). Over the centuries and throughout the world, puppetry has been an important part of people’s religious rituals and folk traditions. Today, international audiences understand puppetry to be a true art form.
Punch and Judy.

            Just over ten years ago, the Czech Republic had well over 1500 puppet theaters (Bogatyrev). China is able to claim puppet troupes having existed in families for generations (Chen and Clark). A few examples of the lengthy career puppets have had are those featured in the Szopka of Poland having had their start in the thirteenth century (Tattenbaum), in Japan, the 17th century dramatist Chikamatsu wrote over 100 plays for puppet theater (Battista) and during the same century in Italy, Commedia dell'Arte performers had introduced Pulcinella to European puppetry (Katritzky). You may know Pulcinella as Punch. While Punch and Judy shows have a definite appeal for children, puppets continue to have relevance for adult international audiences.

Grand Marionnettiste clock in Charleville-Mezieres, France.

 
            Since 1961, every three years the small town of Charleville-Mezieres in the Andennes region of France becomes the puppet capital of the world (Marsh). Not only is it the site of the Festival of World Puppetry, but it is also the home of the Institut International Superieure des Arts de la Marionette a world renowned school for puppetry. Over a ten day period the festival offers 600 puppet shows, almost as many street performances, and dozens of exhibits (Marsh).on In the early eighties, South African puppeteer Gary Friedman created Puns en Doedie, also known as Puppets against Apartheid, a hand puppet show for adults (Kruger). Marie Kruger wrote of Friedman’s ground-breaking puppetry in her article for the South African Theatre Journal. She states that Friedman’s next project Puppets against AIDS “has had an impact on a number of Southern and East African countries (most notably Kenya and Tanzania), which adopted the puppet as an interventional tool for adults and to address sensitive social issues” (Kruger).



            One might point to the show War Horse, currently having a very successful run on Broadway as an example of puppetry attracting an adult American audience. However, the show originated at the National Theatre in London (War Horse). My point being that the use of puppets in a theatrical production is still viewed as a novelty by American audience whereas abroad, audiences accept puppets as they would any form of theater.


Works Cited


Battista, Carolyn. "PUPPETS ARE NOT JUST FOR CHILDREN ANYMORE." New York Times 17 Mar. 1985. Academic OneFile. Web. 2 Nov. 2013. http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA176601017&v=2.1&u=colu91149&it=r&p=AONE&sw=w&asid=1d8904044f9e2f4ad4fe27c8880bb978

Bogatyrev, Pyotr. "Czech Puppet Theatre and Russian Folk Theatre." TDR [Cambridge, Mass.] 4 3.3 
          (1999): 97. Academic OneFile. Web. 31 Oct. 2013.

Chen, Fan Pen Li, and Bradford Clark. "A survey of puppetry in China (summers 2008 and 2009)." Asian Theatre Journal 27.2 (2010): 333+. Academic OneFile. Web. 2 Nov. 2013.
http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.doid=GALE7CA245167967&v=2.1&u=colu91149&it= r&p=AONE&sw=w&asid=0df928b688944cde6b332ad367efe94c
Foley, Kathy. "Burmese Marionettes: Yokthe Thay in Transition." Asian Theatre Journal 18.1         ( 2001): 69. Academic OneFile. Web. 31 Oct. 2013.
        http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA72984121&v=2.1&u=colu91149&it=r&           
        p=AONE&sw=w&asid=7fdc56995b00465aa3f1a155b8d8a991

Kruger, Marie. “Puppets and adult entertainment in South Africa: a tale of a tentative start,          
       evolving prejudices, new and lost opportunities, and a fresh momentum.” South African      
       Theatre Journal. 25.1 (Mar. 2011): p13. From Literature Resource Center. Web. 1 Nov. 2013.
       show=aimsScope&journalCode=rthj20

Marsh, Janine. "The Biggest Puppet Show in the World." The Good Life France. N.p., 2013.        
       world/

Tattenbaum, Mark F. "A good show: traditional and nontraditional puppet theater in Poland:       
        interview with Pawel Chomczyk and Dagmara Sowa." Sarmatian Review 27.1 (2007):               
        1257+. Academic OneFile. Web. 31 Oct. 2013.
        http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA157036620&v=2.1&u=colu91149&it=r           
        &p=AONE&sw=w&asid=229ba1aa9ddc1599041487c2c8dfccd8

War Horse. National Theatre of Great Britain, n.d. Google. Web. 3 Nov. 2013.            

Leslie Caron and puppeteer Burr Tillstrom in Lili, 1953


A treat for you for having read this far!
Today’s puppet song: